Spring came to Bishkek. Women and flowers are in blossom. I’m standing on road side, but sharply feeling the smell of fresh apricot trees. In all things a man here breathes ozone almost in any side of the city. But hardly anybody would move from southern capital of Kazakhstan to Kyrgyz capital for the sake of breathing fresh air. But for sex services – is completely other business.

Bishkek is the city of paradoxes. Locals are saying than in 2009 the crisis came to the city in a full scale. At that construction of elite (by measures of this metropolis) estates are continuing. There are few explanations to this phenomenon. On one side apartments are not business, it is uneasy to take away. On the other, even in last year migrant workers from Russia transacted only through banks and various Western Union more than one billion US dollars. That means only the amount that officially exceeding the state budget. Also it is worth to consider local authorities’ feature – if you are in power, then you have as much relatives as there are grains in sand. For that reason you always have somebody to register an estate. And for the future of “green ticket” here they are worrying more and more, preferring to have something more reliable than colored funny money.

Another Bishkek paradox is situation over sex-industry. Poverty is pushing large amounts of women and young girls on the turf. There are lots of the workers from country side, because the capital is the only really big city all over the country, where you can fell yourself anonymous. Joy therapists themselves are stating that from 25 to 50 per cent of Bishkek women are descending such earnings constantly or from time to time: even if to consider these figures as overestimated it is still alot.

In the same time a mass of joy houses suffering from deficit of workers. The thing is than there are too much of various working places for primordial profession representatives. As the result, prostitutes have the opportunity to choose the most comfortable working conditions (share from client’s fee, working regime etc.).

Whatever the outcome it happens that Bishkek is sex-industry capital of post-soviet Central Asia by measures of value for money. It a little bit ceding to Almaty, especially in exotics section, however only little bit. On the other side, after Bishkek Cyprians many people can’t exploit services of their colleagues in southern capital of Kazakhstan because of the feeling that you just been robbed.

The situation with local bars is analogical. There is now no choice at all about casinos. Either you are going to such an institution in Bishkek, or you sneaking like a guerilla in one in Almaty: sneaking in backstreet casino to leave your own money there. Generally, Kyrgyz sin has much more civilized appearance. There, if family would as, then patresfamilias gambling addict will be included in special black list and banned from roulette and other necessaries. Those who coming to casinos to won and succeed are immediately included in black list of that place where they hit the jackpot. They no more allowed to the place. There are only 5-6 proper casinos over whole capital of Kyrgyzstan, therefore if you are terribly lucky, than the resource of gambling houses is very low. If however you are not winner but looser, then only one place is enough for any sums.

Lower price cap, from which it is possible safely invest into pleasures to some extent, starting from 1000 soms (approximately 30 US dollars) per hour. This is in case if you came to a hot spot by yourself and knocked in door. By any of such questions it is possible to as taxi drivers. If suddenly some taxi driver has no idea whatsoever, then try next. If three taxi drivers in the center of Bishkek one by one wouldn’t suggest you something worthy by such leisure profile, that means the country started to live in a new social economical dimension.

In central hotel a hour of love worth anything from 2000 soms. The price in decent saunas is the same. Women of nights usually working in specialized teams. Ones are in apartments and joy houses; others are in hotels, thirds – in saunas. Some could be called on rented apartments. There are also multi-profile joy therapists, but you probably wouldn’t find any for the first time.

Rules of engagement with prostitutes are simple and not complicated. You can play up choosing an object, but not too much. Generally a sense of proportion is a gift of fate, which can’t be compensated by any other gift. Money is paid in advance. If you paid for two hours, but during the time wished to extend for another hour, then additional money first and after it get additional hour.

Girls priced from 3000 soms per hour not only have beautiful bodies and healthy, but fine minded and acting qualities. All of that can be encountered in 2000 soms price bracket, but for 3000 it must be for sure. Like nasty and blushless – they will be so; need intellectual communications – will get it; asked to be silent – will not speak. But you can’t hit prostitute (means not in love games, but like on the street or in unhappy family life). Prostitute “managers” wouldn’t probably beat you, but it will be necessary to pay for caused moral and material hurt for all it is worth. For that reason before visiting such places try to drink alcohol moderately to control your actions.

Observe hygienic and safety rules. For instance, demand of sexual transaction without condom is improper if night woman already said “no”. If the question depends of sum, than you’ll be noticed about that. The same story with anal sex. If you are from Almaty, then do not make terms – don’t embarrass you home city. Money in Bishkek are obviously wasting, and quite rapidly. But wasting coefficient is minimum 2-3 times less than in similar niche in our metropolis.

Witnessing poverty on the streets, prices level in stores related to average salary, you unwillingly asking yourself a question – what money are making such range of middle and high segments of sex-industry. Prostitutes are answering that the main money is in hands of the police and “black”. By “black” they mean Chechen and the rest of Caucasian ethnicities, who making money on drugs, weapons and other criminal. Except for slavery turnover felled down many times, because people became more advised and careful.

Concerning law enforcers, then from a hot spot placed in apartments of multistory house following law-enforcement agencies are taking their share per one working day: Patrol and Post Service, neighbourhood police officer, what is called vice guard police in the West and traffic police. For example, traffic policemen parking their car in front of the building. A suspicious client wouldn’t go to prostitutes through such cordon. Madame assistant coming outdoor and giving villains their corrupted income. Then traffic police officers are going to sauna to celebrate the end of working day and calling prostitutes. That’s how circulation of vicious money is happening by Bishkek way.

Obviously the list of prostitutes’ clients is not only represented by cops and “black”. There are also authorities, businessmen, tourists. The closer the summer and tourist season – the more tourists in the city. Sex industry of Bishkek is not such tourist-depending as it is on Northern Shore of Issyk-Kol, but this moment for the metropolis is obviously not ordinary.

If you are not very familiar with Kyrgyzstan capital, then you better take a room in normal hotel and use sexual services on its territory. Criminal situation on the streets is worsening all over the last year. Even in the very center of the city with coming of darkness hours one can’t consider himself safe. On the outskirts nobody would guarantee anything 24/7. While older part of Bishkek habitants are nostalgic about USSR, those who younger – about Askar Akaev years behind the wheel, it is possible to invest in pleasure. And it must be done. Only gingerly.

“Her love imitation costs more than true love of many women”

Karol Izhikobsky

Kazakhstani political opposition has reminded of itself at the moment when society learned to live without it. Other side, in light of crisis there became much more dissatisfied with government quality of work. So, we have the reason to get a closer view at opposition; in zoological interest at least.

Kazakhstani opposition, as valuable structural phenomenon, appeared in the late 90-ties of the last century and it is reasonably connected with former prime-minister Akezhan Kazhegeldin person. Naturally, protest actions were before Kazhegeldin’s period but its motley mosaic didn’t shape a whole picture. Some people had nostalgia by USSR (by government social warranties to be more precise), others sounded off by governmental and social institutions weak effectiveness and other ones had been defeated in inter-clan conflicts.

Being in active phase of opposition to Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazhegeldin gave to all this issues the complete form. Also, being in a position of authority in the back of government rooms he answered at akim’s complaints about the plight of the people with such expressions like “if you want to stay at the post, I will no longer hear the word “people”. But how can you oppose acting president without appeal to the nation and democracy values?

Kazhegeldin, by entering into political struggle, attracted at his side the segment of Kazakhstani oppositional strata like opposition by the principles. It means, people who dissatisfy with any government and any kind of top authority just for the reason it exists in this world. They didn’t like Soviet Union for the lack of freedom and trade deficit, Kazakhstan for the unemployment, corruption and polarization between rich and poor. Opposition by the principles didn’t like government as the institution for the existence of police, taxes, official propaganda and freedom of speech regulation.

Akezhan Kazhegeldin brought not only structural system at the oppositional field but money also. One of the surprising features of money is that wealthy person won’t be lonely anytime. So, former premier has had plenty of sympathizers. The down side of money is bickering and strife brought by it. Even relatively small segment of opposition by the principles suffered significant losses from the effect of financial flow, what can we say about those who came into opposition for the money and their own realization of power and other ambitions.

Kazhegeldin in opposition epoch identified weak side of such kind of local feature as patron-client relations. Any top official has a network of dependent clients; between them are vertical connections on the principle of resources sharing. Herein, clients of one patron often don’t have horizontal connections among each others – only vertical ones with patron and their own clientele. When patron-client system of Akezhan Kazhegeldin has become a subject to repression of state apparatus, most of the clients betrayed him and went to the opposite side.

Also period of Kazhegeldin showed the importance of informational resource in hands of opposition. Until he went to the opposition side, Akezhan Kazhegeldin made great efforts by himself to control power under television. Ruling regime was supersensitive to criticism of this type of mass media. With Kazhegeldin in opposition there have been begun active persecutions of dissenting print media. The most massive weekly newspaper of the country Caravan was overbought by the authorities (it was “you can’t refuse” proposal). Kazakh language newspaper Dat, which was, due to well-organized distribution system, got Kazakh speaking periphery and made it flurry very much. This paper was suppressed by administrative measures also.

Akezhan Kazhegeldin very precisely and vividly (and self-critically in some ways) matched that big officials go to opposition from political Olympus by only one reason: they’ve been out from a feeding through. Naturally, quantity of pushed from through is more than those who came into oppositional side. You need to have definite level of ambitions and fightiness to go to opposition side.

Typical oppositional leader of middling sort relatively to official of the same weight category is clearly fighter. However it’s fighter, more precisely fighter from gun units. Such people aren’t able to create the system of communal services, public transport or dike dams construction. Though, they are ready to struggle for the redeployments until the last fighter. They are ready to bring to the altar of victory any of their supporters or associates.

In 2001 year, there was public opposition to uncomfortable conditions to trough by so-called mladotyurki. It was the wave of managers, called to state apparatus by president Nazarbayev in the middle of 90-ies. New economical and political conditions required young and well-educated people with western view on many things.

Bulat Abilov is the one of the oppositional stars ignited that time and not extinguished yet; he is co-chair of the National Social Democratic Party Azat; and Mukhtar Ablyazov, fugitive banker and also oppositional political activist. Galymzhan Zhakiyanov, former akim of Pavlodar region, overwhelmed his political shining and now he just time to time blinks on political landscape. Alikhan Baimenov former minister of labor and social protection, has gone to pro-power camp and playing contributed to it; however unambiguously. The opposition was more harmed than advantageous by him.

2001 opened quite lasting wave in terms of time, when quite rich and influential people were coming to the opposition, which, because of their losses in struggle around the big crib caught anger to hateful regime. They are appearing on the oppositional meetings with cared hands and watches worth around $10 thousand on their wrists, annoying gathered people with eau-de-cologne and other expensive perfume, which couldn’t be bought for official salary in state bodies.

Such people are not always taking roots on a new place, for the reason that one of the most frequent things of being fenced off from the big crib is because of disability to pass the test to be useful to established political system. The system is an objective reality, and if a functionary is not included in it, then it is regularly falling out of the perimeter. Many among such people then could not find their niche even in oppositional environment, which is, being different, is no less toxic and rivaling. Then they are trying to return into power, let it be on third row roles. A payment for this is shooting backs of their yesterday’s colleagues over oppositional camp. And they actually shooting, by the way discrediting the opposition on subject that what kind of persons are circling in its environment.

Daft experts, political analysts, ideologists, political consultants and publicists are simply finding their niche in the oppositional environment for some reason. Here the situation in some way is analogical to the authorities fenced off the crib. When such “experts” couldn’t propose something positive, constructive and consolidating the society in power structures – they finding themselves in the opposition. Because in the trend of splitting, subtraction and establishing a conflict, they, together with their phantasmagorias, is easier and gentlier to work.

The radicalization of everything and everyone – is a usual satellite of history in periods of deep crisis’s. Communism, fascism and Nazism as a powerful force has been established during the First World War and cataclysms burned or enforced by it. It is quite natural that in present era of global systematic crisis, different flows with “ultra” attachment are rising heads and finding new followers. And the less resources the power have (economical, ideological, intellectual, organizational, informational), the more happy will be the followers of destructive ideas.

The difference of Kazakhstani opposition from its analogues in other countries of post-soviet space – is the abundance of viewable and inviewable, but well feelable connection with the power. The opposition is frequently appearing in quality of continuation of power-financial groups. One wing is in the power, the other as the reserve is in the opposition. That is the reason of an extreme personification of oppositional criticism. One figures within the power are appearing in quality of responsible for all of its negative; but others are attributed everything positive (even a halo on their heads); else, they are not even reminded.

There are also a figures nest-dolls such as Zharmakhan Tuyakbay, co-chairman of OSDP Azat. There are very huge suspicions that this name is in opposition with residential approach. Too droopingly he fighting ruling regime, however, giving his support to different idiotic propositions from narrow-minded social activists. The presence of figures such as Tuyakbay is objectively narrowing the corridor to radicalization of conterstanding with the power to politicians such as Bulat Abilov. If there was no Zharmakhan Tuyakbay, Abilov could come much closer to Aynur Kurmanov and leaders like him, which are not scared to have direct and violent impacts with powers, are seeking to find a common language with crowd.

When the abroad wing of Kazakhstani opposition was supplemented by Rakhat Aliev, which was in all thing a kick below the belt for everyone who were associated with this camp. Infant Terrible of Kazakhstani counter-elite left so much bloody traces during his violent and diversified activities, that from the point of view of a black PR any emotional women can crab his press-conference in Europe by only shouting “Murderer, Murderer!”. But let us be objective: he has the money. And what could be done with it on the field of political struggle has been already demonstrated by his predecessors. At that Aliev is compensating his given lack if intellect with his unpredictability.

It appears that to lost political reputation the opposition has nothing to do. It is needed only to prevent detainment; and in sort terms any initiative, any idea of the opposition will fall apart itself. To say, again on constructive and radical, on real and surreal parts; in any case it appears that the coin has two sides. Both false.

“Any phenomenon gets a clot form in Kazakhstan and then transforms into crisis”

Piotr Svoik

Common people and authorities would be glad to take advice from wise experts and analysts. First ones need to know whether they shall to stick to low-paying job of switch on planting potatoes in the farmland as more effective resource investment. Second ones need to be keeping informed about common situation in the country for not to make a rapid transit from dreams to the firing wall as it was in Romania with Nikolai Ceausescu and his wife Elena in 1989 year. But where do you get good analysts and political scientists in Kazakhstan?

The loss of reality leads to disharmony, conflicts and tragedies. That’s why any time we need mechanisms able to make precise measures of the current situation and give a forecast for the future with a high degree of probability. Western countries have various analytical and expert services full of political scientists, sociologists, anthropologists, economists and other specialists. There no analytics some where in Mali, Somalia or Nigeria yet (or already). The place of Kazakhstan is quite problematically defined in the coordinates system.

Technically, there are political scientists and political strategists, sociologists, analysts and other specialists of close to them range of occupations in the country. Can we use their estimates and recommendations as guidance? It’s better to not to. There’s no difference if you ask Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies (KazISS) under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan or Alliance analytic organizations, or fortunetellers near Green Bazaar (free market for agricultural products) in Almaty.

When experts are giving an estimate of present affairs and future forecast relying solely on their empirical evidence and mental constructions – is the one thing; but when people who have access to a different state documentation give virtual pictures of life – it’s about crisis of analytics in common.

Analytics is a thing of appliance by its nature. By the idea, the analysts are being requested for the reason to sort out situation and to get options of following movements to obtain one or another result. However, Kazakhstani realities are amazing by, that from one side, many structures and persons, calling itself an analytical, can propose real-world step-by-step designs, and from the other, bodies of governmental management are not asking for the advice from competent entities, before “bringing the country an irrevocable “

When Akimates’, ministries’ and agencies’ official reports containing as much truth as raindrops in a desert, then working with such information wouldn’t bring real results. Allegedly the whole state started to establish a powerful research structure. However, to believe in its success is only possible only in the case if it will be as a full-blooded tree – with roots, head, mighty system of internal unity and photosynthesis. Whereas if everything would be limited by a hundred of egg-headed cadres in a single-standing office, along with obvious features of academic (laboratory) idiocy, then the situation would never get off the ground.

To get precise picture political elite in the West is utilizing various sociological services and surveys conducted by them, having recommendations from analytical research centers. However, if to go by this way in Kazakhstan, then it would appear that affiliated sociological structures are giving the information not really different from governmental reports. Analytical centers would too producing products which can be utilized solely for fantasy-style computer game. The opposition (contra-elite, to be precise) have too st

In period of economical crisis, following by unemployment growth and impoverishment of large layers of people, the essentialness of information about real social attitude in corridors of power must grow high. Yet when there is no functional back link system with people, instruments from manual control sphere can be utilized. One Akim should try to get to work by a bus or a trolley in rush-hour, other should go to appointment to local hospital, third – dress simpler, get drunk and test police patrol activity, fifth – to try opening a shop or a canteen… An adequacy of political decision could not be born apart from the reality. And let ruler and common people have different pictures of the world, the president can hardly feel himself safe by ignoring problems and wishes of the million, having no opportunity to find out what’s what.

Transferring Western templates on local ground is a dead-end way of researching. Which Harvard or Oxford can describe Agashka model and its grade of influence on political processes in the country? Meanwhile Agashka is accomplished phenomenon, which has much more influences in many ways, then the invisible hand of market by Adam Smith. Agashka is a mix of high social position, disrespect for the labour and parasitical way of life. His invisible hand covered everything from regular assignments to “application” of budget funds of any sorts. It is a heavy brake on the way of country’s development, and recipes needed to effectively overtake it. As the entire amount of things personifying him – nepotism, bribery, incompetence, corruption, ignorance, tribalism, peculation, corporate raids, and uselessness.

Cratophiles (fans of power in its utmost forms) is another headache of Kazakhstan. Those people who are turning into crap without being in power. They can’t think themselves outside power. To keep themselves within it they are ready to take any area of work, promising incredible results and to lie until last possibility. Because falling out of power machine for them is similar to civil death – they absolutely can’t fit to life in common environment. And cratophiles should be handled somehow on system level.

There is no “statehood” in modern Kazakhstan, if to imply nomenclature of Russian satirist Saltykov-Shedrin. Under “statehold” it is understood something that can support an order and simply bearable functioning of complicated system. To cleanup things to order something urgently needed, such as separation of complicated organic mixes by its calorific capacities (to sort the flies from the steaks and the wheat from the chaff), but on this point professional help couldn’t be avoided.

The situation can substantially change by opportunity to transform population into subject of political process. During all previous years the political life of Kazakhstan had inter-elite type (groups of activists weren’t qualitatively changed the situation). Nowadays, huge categories of people can be pushed on political field. Those are townsmen with one or two local economic mainstays (it is firstly meaning mining sector). Youth (either the ones who are paying for education and unemployed), cheated construction shareholders (whatever propaganda stated, their problems weren’t solved and not being solved), ethnically disturbed and finally poverty. The history is witnessing that during economical crisis’s there are less strikes, but they are of a more violent type.

here is no any kind of consolidated position of Kazakhstani experts’ society by strategic issues. Beginning from elementary moments, such as which assets should be given priority – long term ones (oil refineries) or short-term (crops – to seed on spring and to harvest on autumn). And at that the interethnic situation is tensioning, and what will be the geopolitical tomorrow in the vast region – yet is certainly unclear.

How to control assets available in Kazakhstan, like huge territory and concomitant resources – the specialists should be helpful too. But they are either speaking banal things or loading with phantasmagorias. No fully-fledged market of analytical services emerged in the country, and thus there are no possibilities to find out who is among those experts worth in the reality. By formal signs there were much piglets being fed during the last period, but when their impartial slaughter is starting (qualitative recommendations), it is suddenly clarified that all of them are of dwarfy breed. In such a way all of breed characteristics must be urgently improved.

One of the ways of withdrawal from the crisis, (on this subject, for instance, it is precisely written in this article: http://www.dialog.kz/?lan=ru&id=81&pub=1136&hil=%C0%E9%E4%EE%F1) in which is Kazakh sense-producing corporation is evidently appeared, could be that situation, when persons who have the experience of work in authorities corridors, or even in the Power (this means not on ordinary posts) would be engaged in this. What it would give? A person, given with special training and theoretical instruments for this baggage, can attach its worthless experience, gained by him in times of being in governmental structures. And s\when such people will organize their own analytical-researching structure, at that opened, with engagement of all, so saying, healthy forces, it is quite possible that it will start working much more productively than all of existed before. Does such structure existing? The answer is yet opened. But the fact that time has come for it, is indisputable.

Even miracles require check and recheck!

Sergey Ursulyak

Despite that, or could be just because, the freedom of information in Kazakhstan is being regulated, a necessity of rechecking facts is raised sharply. By which sources a speakers (writers) is basing their facts? Is there anything in it for them – higher status, advertising fees, or somebody else’s gratitude? Or are they have some prejudgments because of the people they know; a company which engaged them, or relations, which were settled back home.

A liberal point of view on informational field is suggesting that mass-media can print any kind of information, including contrary to the fact ones. That’s why they are ranged by level of trust and authority from the side of readers and viewers. A consumer is becoming preliminary ready, buying an authoritative business issue or tabloid in his hands.

Such views on freedom of speech haven’t taken roots in Kazakhstan. The mass-media is being attacked for contempt of honor and dignity, business characters assassination, defamation. Recently a “Personal privacy” law has appeared, by which it is unclear, from what point the top authorities’ professional duties are ending and their private life begins; but all this not cancelling a majority of facts, especially in the Internet. Under Kaznet we mean those web-sources, which are dedicated to Kazakhstan or biased on its internet users.

Now it is wiretapping about some indecent distribution of state’s finance, then a women with her face covered telling story in a video clip about how political Olympus representative raped her, or even information about some luxury estates bought in Switzerland by one famous person. In such conditions you can’t avoid proving facts. But there is already a question arise – how to do it?

A deficit oа transparency is a common line of all state institutes of Kazakhstan. In this question even specialists can’t exactly tell, what represents, for instance, gold and foreign currency reserves of the country. The maximum you could find from officials is that the country has those reserves and they are around $50 billion. Concerning more specific information – how much in terms of what currency of which countries, what precious metals, companies’ stocks and other things, than this is already outside an access.

That follows by a huge field of fantasies on any themes. Many people are covering their own thoughts in fact envelope and sending it into informational flows. That’s why checking facts is a good training not only to work with journalistic information, but for live at all. This is studying to think skeptically. It is too simple to believe something when somebody, who looks well informed, states it. But if you are approaching checking of facts responsibly, then you are listening more carefully.

For instance, is it true that Kazakhmys Private Corporation received $2.7 billion from those finance that the country had lent from China? Or was it given by Samruk-Kazyna National Welfare Fund or the decision was brought by completely different persons, and the fund was only executed it? Are those finance went on production development or debts payments? Who would be responsible for such decision? As we can see, even by this single case there are too many questions, and nobody among common journalists can receive the answer in free access.

During Soviet times not facts were requiring checking, but meaning. For instance, a newspaper reports that a lot of butter harms organism. And people are running to squirrel butter, since such publications are meaning that there would oncoming problems with butter supply to shops. Now, taking all recalls of the past, the rules of informational field are substantially changed. But all in all it should be under control: is it for real that a new factory gave a required product? The one waster money and avoided responsibility is a namesake of a minister but not related in reality? In point of fact, a secretary is responsible for everything, but not akim?

Of course, there are spider webs, propaganda and censure, sacred plans and motivation keeping in journalism, but with one major difference: almost anyone today can work as a reporter. How can you really supply respect to truth for that huge community of new correspondents? If to apply to experience of developed countries, than in US the Federal Commission on Trade announced its plans to require data from bloggers and indossators of celebrities about presents and payments from sellers and others, who are willing to get positive comments from bloggers in the internet.

But what about other types of prejudgment? In accordance with raising way of internet web by “do it yourself” principle, when people are ordering their own flights, publishing their own pictures and selling their own used goods, users must take the responsibility to make their own facts control by themselves.

This is not witnessing that journalists should not check their own facts (or that priests should ignore dogmas of their religion). However, in the end, everyone is required to become more decent reader – more skeptical or more curious. Why this story requires so much attention? Is that blogger saying bad things all the time? Is she always speaking about glorious products that she uses all the time? Are there any exposures in his blog? Why this politician saying beautiful things about other politician? On what company this product expert works? Why almost anybody are disturbed by new customs rules, but others act they as there were didn’t noticed that?

Governments could apply regulations (and in Kazakhstan they are very much abused by this); however, in the end we will get this kind of a journalism that we’re requiring. If we could ask about it, the web sites will propose not only content, but also the systems of reputation definitions, for those who are inputting information would have (or have not) reputation of reliable sources of it. Today already you can judge by real website traffic of Kaznet to whom information consumers trust more. Or on whom internet forum a bickerfest is supposing more social resonance.

In this world, more and more disturbing judgments, we need to spend a little more time working on supplying our own intellectual cohesiveness: a task, which couldn’t be trusted to the government, politicians or mass-media. Facts are sacred, however not all mass media, both new and old, which are reporting those facts to us can be trusted.

An interpretation of facts is also very important to Kazakhstan. Given $19 billion, became notorious and spent by the government on anti-crisis measures. One experts are tendered on how quickly and massively the government had pumped into the economy. And this is supposedly is cool by the matter of fact. But others are stating that, considering scales of domestic economy, with reasonable usage of every billion of dollars there must be a good effect in terms of GDP growth up to 1%. Or 0,5% minimum. Thus, 9,5% of growth by results of 2009?

Today, when interpolitical situation in Kazakhstan is differencing along with geopolitical background around it, checking of facts is worth to be proved more substantially. They are like beacons and pointer in informational flows, by which you can check with on how stated course is compared with real state of the business.

Lazy one doesn’t strive to inexperienced

Chanakya Pandit

Periphery is the certain word which can characterize Kazakhstani book market best of all. There was no any essential step forward in book market for the years of independence. Book market become more differentiated and fragmented in addition to it, as for the culture of reading – it’s made great step back. State authority distanced itself from the sphere of bookish world and business appears to act passively or just even lazily.

The most large black book market was in the USSR. In the conditions of tough censorship and educated citizens as well as such phenomena as “samizdat” (the books created by the authors and written by hand) and “tamizdat” (manuscript was sent abroad and got back illegally in printed form) today’s situation was predetermined. Nowadays we could hardly see that the Republic was the part of “the most reading country in the world” some times ago, according to a number of book stores and their assortment.

Let’s compare publishing markets of USSR countries-neighbors for better understanding the situation in Kazakhstani book world. Generally speaking post-soviet bookish space is integrated into global world. The speciality of the world is that the top of book publish industry situated into two cities — New York and London (here is much less than in the first one). Besides the present state of things doesn’t deny the row of second rank publish industry centers. Russia could become such kind of publish industry center and today’s it takes the third place on number of publishing books and brochures after USA and China.

We see that in Russia the chain of “writer – publisher – book retailer – reader” has created already. Publishing houses initiated the practice of book retailers financing at the period of 2000 “zeroes” years. Publishers gave books for sale and took the money back only in 2-3 months. So book market was growing in 12-15% yearly. Even in 2009 year, the year of essential economical recession, book market has grown in 2-3%. Russian publishing houses are mostly of two types: big and small. Small ones seek for creative and interesting authors, and then big ones outbid them, so literature process circulation doesn’t stop.

Uzbekistan is the sample of bookish autarchy. Soviet Russian-language literature was liquidated physically from libraries (including school ones) in the country. The chain “writer – publisher – book retailer – reader” was created but in non-market conditions and within tough state control. Any book undesired by the authorities cannot appear on the book store shelves. Readers are buying offered books’ assortment in desperation and within poor Internet development. More over, Uzbek language transfer into Latin has divided readers by age. Young people generation simply couldn’t read Uzbek writers’ books of Soviet period or published in Cyrillic.

Kazakhstan is in-between Russia and Uzbekistan position, but significantly closer to Russian side. Already in nineties Kazakhstani book market could actually satisfy any readers’ interests. It’s necessary to divide local readers onto three types: Russian-language, Kazakh-language and English-language. Kazakh-language readers have less opportunities than Russian-language ones. When global literature bestsellers – such as Paolo Coelho, Haruki Murakami, and Joan Rowling — appear at the book stores’ shelves, they are exceptionally published in Russian language. English-language literature is presented mostly by scientific and studying books but World Wide Web is at service of English-speaking readers.

Aside of language differentiation, Kazakhstani severe problem is civilizational split “city-villages”. It’s very hard to buy new book in rural areas. Regional centers have better assortment. There are book stores of large book retailers. Although the better place to buy books is remain Almaty and Astana, but even there publish industry has simply periphery character. There are no great bookish fairs in Kazakhstan similar to oil and gas exhibitions such as KIOGE.

Neighboring Russia still has its mass public libraries reader, though it became substantially less after USSR dissolution. It’s about 3 million people in Russian Federation nowadays. Such readers are also breeding grounds for book market and its development. We couldn’t say the same thing about public libraries readers in Kazakhstan. It has negative influence not only on book market sizes but also at the very culture of reading. Mass reader is the one of the factors showing that it’s reading country at all.

Book market is very sensitive to quantitative measures. It’s considered that if country has less than 40 million populations speaking one language there wouldn’t be any commercial success of literature projects. So, Russian-speaking Kazakhstani reader is oriented at Russian book sphere as its periphery, and Kazakh-speaking reader is in stagnant state. Years of independence didn’t give us bright Kazakh-language writers who could attract mass reader. Though there is colossal massive of pseudo-historical literature represented by itself the mixture of fantasy and historical modeling substitute.

There is practically no phenomenon in Kazakhstan such as literature process. This is another unpleasant line of literature periphery of the Republic. Many publishing houses are in reality simply printing houses aimed not at readers’ satisfaction but at getting government contracts. Government contract allows to get profit and in the meantime to publish books which have no readers demand. If Russia shows though insignificant but growth of book market in 2009 year, Kazakhstan saw the recession. Usual publishing houses think of readers and writers Kazakhstani ones put at the top only profit.

One more global tendency of these years is – strengthen of differentiation at the book market. Romance novels, military history, automobiles, cooking receipts, detective stories, science fiction and other categories of literature often have non-crossing between each other readers. Quantities measures will play greater role when target audience become more sharply formed. So the buckle to Russian book market is objective and largely constrained issue for Kazakhstan. If we go under Uzbek way then it will bring us nothing except cultural, educational and civilizational regress.

Printing opportunities in Kazakhstan are notably in advance the potential content. Who needs bright pictures and glossy paper if you cannot draw upon books anything benefiting for your life? Authors must write interesting. While self-regulated system at local book market hasn’t work yet. Writer and author cannot find each other and there are no any professional agents between them. When the book market has no its own offer we have to reap the fruits of periphery strengthen. It’s not the worse alternative. When you have no opportunity to buckle to some full-featured intellectual sphere together with inability to create its own then it will lead to increasing the entropy and appreciation of alcohol.

Archeology is scientific way of graves’ desecration

Valeriu Butulesku

Archeology is the science, studying humanity past through the material sources. However, archeology is a kind of business as times of commodity-money relations’ shown its total victory. Black archeology is business, some times it’s half criminal, some times overtly criminal. Nowadays it sees the second splash in Kazakhstan.

Black archeologist is more post-soviet phenomenon at the territory of Kazakhstan. These people are busy with illegal search of ancients aiming to sell it to anybody who are able to pay. This kind of business was in embryonic state when Soviet Union had been existed. At this side of the Curtain there was fragmented payable demand from wealthy collectors; and at the other side there was no way out as the border was under lock and any custom officer turned every soal inside out.

Soviet Kazakhstan was not touched by black pathfinders who dug anything on the places of the Second World War battles. They were specialized on searching material objects such as thing owned to Wehrmacht solders, aside from red pathfinders who searched for bones of soviet solders in the purpose of its reburial. At the end of eighties, for instance, SS officer’s dagger cost 3 000 of Deutschemarks in Germany and today it costs about 5 000 Euros. Battle lines didn’t reach Kazakhstan lands, so black pathfinders have nothing to find here: no weapon, no medals and no precious at all.

Everything’s changed in roaring nineties. That period of time black archeologists weren’t included into global network of such kind of business, though the process followed the direction quite quickly. Scavengers of nonferrous metals took infrastructure remained after soviet army in Kazakhstan into pieces; other ones went to distant villages and bought antelope Saiga’s horning, which hung there at the walls as souvenirs, for next reselling it to the Chinese. Saiga’s horning is used in China medicine. And some half-criminal businessmen turn out to archeological diggings.

Kazakhstani black archeologists’ main objects of attention are burial mounds of Sakas’ epoch. They are referred to the period of early Iron Age, but criminals mostly interested in gold. Sakas’ burial mounds are the places of nomadic grand people’s burial, and they are very suitable object for black archeology. As a rule they are situated in under-populated places and the diggings could be made far from others sights. Another characteristic – they are very good identifying in steppe landscape conditions. You don’t need special knowledge to define whether burial mound was pillaged in past or not. For example, if there is the deepening at the top of burial mound then black archeologists have nothing to do with it, the tomb was opened already, so the soil has sank.

Black archeologists were interested in gold, jewelry with turquoise and jade usage, iron and bronze weapon in nineties of XX century then nowadays the picture has changed. Global infrastructure of black archeology reached Kazakhstan. Today it can be easily defined how ancient ceramics or other workpieces. As the result, the second wave of burial mounds pillaging has started. Everything is taken out from burial mounds and after that searched for something having material values, and other things are thrown out.

There is colossal damage to historical heritage. Paradox of situation in nineties is in official science was in decay according the state financing absence, but black archeology got unprecedented scale. It must be mentioned about corruption also. Many black archeologists had official documents and permissions on diggings with al necessary signs and seals. To be honest till the end, a part of black archeologists – was usual archeologists and their assistants in the past. However when usual archeology stopped to feed they found another source in black archeology.

One of the parts of common problem is museum pieces grabbing, though it’s not quite black archeology. In 1971 year there was quite loud case of golden sarmat fallars (decoration element of horse harness) grabbed from museum of Rostov-on-Don city in USSR. Guilty people were caught and strictly punished and expertise assessed fallars in 500 thousand of roubles. Soviet rouble had official rate of 1.5 of US dollar that time.

The museum of West Kazakhstan also had two fallars. It was specific fallars of ancient Greek work special for sakas-sarmatic governors. One of archeologist who took part in diggings of these fallars one day came to the museum and didn’t see it at the exposition. In fact, this kind of fallars can be seen only in the museum of Naples and in several museums of the world. The archeologist tried to find out where is missed fallars (in the middle of nineties any of them could cost two million of US dollars). After that he had to leave his own town concerning about his life because of the reaction of some tough guys at his questions. The archeologist came to Almaty and started to work as electrician in one of business centers of the city. Later on he made inquiries about fallars but it didn’t back into the museum.

The situation is only one fragment and if we put together common picture, it could be just terrified how many national heritage objects missed. One more story from West Kazakhstan, one archeologist most probably black one, though he had all required documentation at hand. The man was strange because he hired only one local worker for diggings of burial mounds. Later on this local man told that many of pulled out artifacts were packed into special trunks. He counted the 24 trunks when it was loaded into archeologist’s car. In a few days after black archeologist left his assistant died suddenly.

The historical past echo can take the most intricate forms in Kazakhstan. One day, while working on writing next article I have to learn some places of ancient metallurgists, who lived in the territory of modern west Republican region in bronze period. Ancient mines and shafts sinking counted three thousand of years, but they are didn’t erase with the time. The places under-populated and people like to talk with the others. It was the time of shortage and local teacher asked me whom he can sell golden dust and small nuggets. He showed metal candy can of 10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in height almost fully filled with golden dust and nuggets.

The teacher visits ancient zone of golden openings when the spring comes and snow is melting and gathers golden dust and nuggets there. I couldn’t say anything useful for him. Later on he asked, are there gold-mining companies in Almaty which can give a good price. If yes, he will show them ancient gold deposit. I told him I know nothing about gold business, because I’m botanist in the kind of activity. We went apart with nothing.

Black archeology got all features of complete industry. Special internet sites offer tents, shovels, metal detectors, campfire and cooking accessories. Also you can find there advices on cleaning and restoration of findings, methods of communication with local law machinery and state authorities. In total illegal business prospers. One time all attention of black archeology was focused in Iraq – where war was carrying out in museum under open sky. The interest to artifacts from Kazakhstan and neighboring countries has risen again for today. Our authorities pretend that black archeology problem simply doesn’t exist.

A national patriot is a fool, but ideological

Maxim Tarasov

The rusticity of the people who calling themselves as national patriots is bringing threat to political stability of Kazakhstan. Now they are headed by Mukhtar Shakhanov, poet and chairman of Memlekettyk Tyl (State language) movement, and disputing against Kazakhstani nation. Those people couldn’t be explained, that state-civil and ethnic commonness is different levels of identification, in which one don’t replace, cancel and declaim the other.

The latest occasion for national-patriotic hysteria is Nursultan Nazarbayev’s appearance before 15th session of Assembly of the Nation of Kazakhstan, where president called to form-up Kazakhstani nation. By version of Mukhtar Shakhanov and his brothers-in-arms, such light leads to declining of a Kazakh nation and threatening Kazakhs very existence.

Let’s clarify. In most common approach a nations is political community, thus citizens of the specific state. Nation is a state-civil community. Ethnos is large social group, which commonness is based on true or false common roots (consanguinity). At that there are only two criteria of compartment to ethnos: 1) self-identification; 2) ethnical culture. A culture is a mechanism of adaptation of individuals, small or large social groups to surrounding (natural or social) environment.

There is confusion in Kazakhstan coming from Soviet times. Ethnicity background was written in personal documents under nationality column. Because of that, when Western conception of nation as state-civil community came along it was confusing. A Soviet view on nation as on phase of ethic development by “folk-nation-people-nation” scheme was calqued on Western one — “nation, state and ethnos as commonness of origin”.

National patriots are refusing to accept Western handling of nations and since that are inventing own nomenclature. That’s why they have that “Kazakh nation”, when they calling ethnical commonness and Diasporas as nation – this definition is used by them concerning all non-Kazakhs who live in Kazakhstan. But the real thing is that Diaspora means representatives of some specific ethnical group within limits of its main area.

Mukhtar Shakhanov and his brothers-in-arms are conventionally blackmailing the state by four-flushing with ethnic card, for which they receive state’s financing and different grants: to keep “Kazakhsness” in their understanding. However, in conditions of socio-economical difficulties the state has fewer resources to support such archaic organizations. Feeling decrease of financing on them, national patriots again sat to use proven tactics.

Until one moment the state and national patriots were successfully existed and interacted. The ruling elite of Kazakhstan is ethnocratic by its nature, and since that implemented such policy. But, as any power in the lead of polytechnic and multi-confessional state it does it carefully, by compromises and half-measures. In such situation national patriots played a role of bugaboo and created PR-effect that the power is standing on centrists’ positions in ethnical and language issues.

During recent times the paradigm of relationship has changed. Development of Kazakhstani nationhood requires heighten-up of consolidation in society; the more especially is that geopolitical background around Kazakhstan in its connection with global economic recession is becoming more and more complicated and dangerous. In such terms incitement of ethnic and lingual hatred, in which national patriots are engaged without fear and dear, is becoming more and more painful for Astana.

Ethnical card is appeared to be the only resource of political dividends, which Kazakhstani opposition mastered. Now it appears that ethnical problematic is playing by two political forces – by national patriots and the opposition, which interests are crossing in something and going opposite in other things.

If the power would pay for national patriots’ blackmailing through habit, it wouldn’t cancel the problem, because oppositionists in face of NSDP Azat will stay; if to answer by declining and repressions, than the power will get united enemy. Generally those powers are pretty weak even together, but Astana’s principle to split iеs enemies on bits and to destroy them in small groups. In addition, the national patriots has quite assy habit to make statements in the name of all Kazakh population, which creates although empirical impression of multiplicity.

National patriots are blaming the government for it’s choose a way which transforms the country into USSR; that means the way to establish Kazakhstani nation as analogue to Soviet people. This is another example of ignorance and conusion. Soviet Union was a state of governmental apartheid; and when every person’s passport has ethnicity column, it is hard to be a part of single Soviet people altogether.

That’s why Ak Orda goes by the way of establishing state-civil Kazakhstani nation. The more especially as you can have Kazakhstani citizenship and Kazakh, Russian, Uyghur, Korean or Tatar by ethnicity in the same time. One level of self-identification isn’t cancelling the other one. Because of that reason national patriots thesis, as if along with Kazakhstani nation establishment, Kazakhs, Russians, Chechens and other ethnical groups will disappear – is complete absurd.

If not to implement policy on Kazakhstani nation establishment, then there are about 4000 ethnicities in the world. Tolerating ethnic break in the country, not compensated by other constructions, Astana essentially can lose state’s unity. Furthermore, by sociological criteria a state can’t be sustainable, if more than 3% of its population is discriminated. When percentage of discriminated ethnicities reaches 16 to 17 per cent mark, an uncontrollable outbreak can happen by any moment. Concerning national patriots, then they not only contradistinguishing Kazakhs to all other ethnicities, but weaving split line inside Kazakh ethnicity, especially by the line of language proficiency. During the last time the religious aspects were also added.

Recently non-Kazakh part of the population was related discreetly to groaning after dejected disposition of official state language and Kazakh nation; however, the situation has changed today. In conditions, when Kazakh language became career growth factor on state service, assuming that there are no suitable conditions to learn it were created, and more than 90% of posts, related with access to financial resources are taken by ethnic Kazakhs, the theme of official state language and “disappearance” of Kazakh nation is provoking tensions within the society.

National patriots appeared in a trap of some sorts: wherever and whatever they doing they are irritating both the statу and multiple layers of society. That follows by spontaneous social order to keep them in a limited niche. As for when this order became implemented step-by-step and national patriots were pushed to far periphery of social living, as impetuous and irrational element, they felt it and started to act even more unpredictable. National patriot forces singed their latest song; now the power must already be awaken and estimate the cylices of this blood-curdling. Whatever measures Ak Orda would take in new conditions – all this will have long-term consequences: whether it would wait until pigs begin to fly, or pay attention that the color of those pigs acquired red blood color in light of the dusk of oppositional gurus.

And the other thing, which is worth adding — when the opposition (the majority of which formerly been in the power) is blaming the power for that it transformed into greasy deck, in a strange way it never noting that it is too a greased deck; at least in faces of its heads (Bulat Abilov, Pyotr Svoik etc.). Concerning national patriots, then they look absurdly at all. What is the essence of it? It is that, with few exceptions (Khasen Hadji-Akhmet for instance), there are personalities spoiling into protectors of Kazakh nation, many of which are just true deadly political chameleons.

The same Mr. Shakhanov. During Soviet times he was the member of Writers Union of USSR, and didn’t showed thoughts about sovereignty in any ways; writing lyrical poems, which were then transformed into songs, and people sang them, and he felt quite comfy. Apparently, there is nothing to blame. But when the first call sounded, the events of December 1986, from which the USSR disintegration started as a matter of fact, this man showed his Sovietness. His behavior is not forgotten. Somebody can argue that our famous elder allegedly was the first to raise question about rehabilitation of Decembrists (that means participants of December 1986 events). But try to find any Kazakhs who are satisfied with performance of civil commission on those commemorative events. This man pulled a punch of no civil action. Now then this man is no less than a flag of national patriotic movement.

Apparently, the problem of the official state language (which is Kazakh), a significant dissatisfaction of title nation masses exist. But why only same “heroes” are engaged into it? Maybe because of those elders the new national patriots can’t stand challenges of newest time. And it seems that they never make it; but to reduce the society, primarily Kazakh and Kazakhophones to something filthy and scary – they can. For that reason the question of appearance of new progressive leaders in social sphere, including, or maybe even in first stance, on national-patriotic wing, is raised sharply nowadays.

All politicians are looking exactly the same, and it’s not really matters whether one tries his best to become president of the country, the other to enter parliament, third to become head of local branch of some party, and fourth – to head boy of class. Strategy and tactics are all the same. But truly there is no other such unmerciful policy than one behind the scenes of power.

Indeed, there are many roads to power. One of which is triangulation; in other words – a game on political enemies field. One could attend to the same problems as put in by opponent, and to solve them out. The Kazakhstani opposition is using slightly mutilated form of triangulation – it uncovers the same problems that officials do, never proposing solutions however, changing this necessary condition of keeping electorate interest close excessively by criticizing opponents.

Probably the most famous Kazakhstani dissident Rakhat Aliev is utilizing the same methods. He’s not using traditional tactics: propose your own ways by criticizing. Instead of this he uses trick far much dirty than ones are being used by majority of present politicians – he tries to dirt up the opponent by mistaking wishes to reality: and hoping to find acceptance and faith in his words, since he recently used to be a face, as it said, close to body. And that’s why he initially had been perceived as “much-knowing”.

All of said Aliev harmonically combines with innocent lamb image suffering for idea. Thus uses another fine political sleight – to show himself as a person, hardly relying on its instinct and never moving a step from this position; stating by the way, that victimization is that sacrifice, which he is ready to put on holy truth table. An angel of some sorts, with areola above its skullcap. Disbelief to his statements is showing only therefore there is no place for gloat where principles are triumphed. However, face of Aliev hearing criticism in address to the homeland doesn’t look like a democrat suffering for image of the country (as he positioning himself), but like face of spit poison living by principle: “the more worse for the country under rule of the acting president, the more better for me”.

Along with this he sincerely hopes that sometime people of Kazakhstan (what if the West nourishing Aliev’s ambitions, there’s no point to forget about electors’ voices) will believe in moral recreation of the “hero”. But in truth, history knows many men and women which methods were identical to present ones of Rakhat Aliev, and who hoped on favor of “peoples’ short memory”. Eventually, they ended up on political cemeteries, and all of their political hopes passed away, even not looked back to wave farewell.

Acumen of leader is matter of huge importance. Those who fatally deficient with it, are staying as prisoners of their own ideology language which they never can translate to patriotism. They are doomed to constantly being on political train station waiting for train that never comes.

Sardonic saying “Maybe you should be given everything on dish with blue stripes” has always been addressed to those, who gave voice to their groundlessly overestimated pretentions. However, either open irony or accusation wouldn’t stop people from hegemonic pretentions. More than that, they are continuing to give hopes seeking to one, which would finally bring desirable on that very dish.

Basically, partly there is nothing wrong with overestimated ambitions; of course, in case when these ambitions are supported by specific deeds, aimed to reach the goal. For instance, when child stating to become smart and strong, then starting to hit the study and engaging himself in sporting activities. Such lad is pride and joy of the parents and hold up as an example to other children by teachers.

Mature people are the other thing. Became skilled in intrigues and infamies, people with overestimated pretensions wouldn’t stop in front of anything to get hold of desired. And sometimes their attempt to satisfy their own ambitions turn out to be catastrophic not for single person but in scales of no less than single country.

Everything goes into play – from banal personal connections and money to international scale scandal, uncovering some unpleasant anecdotal particularities from daily practice of acting powers. Loud statements, blaming authorities in illegal actions, involvement of international community, blackmailing with cases of dirt are common components of ambitions to power.

Properly such considerations ex-ambassador of Kazakhstan in Austria Rakhat Aliev is still fizzling to return to home country. Punishment for felony accuses, impatiently waiting for him at home, is the second question, not really important for him; more of that, Aliev is planning to return to the country. In truth, not in proud desolation and, all the more so, accompanied by law-enforcing officers, performing extradition of the criminal. This man has completely different plans.

Besides, Aliev told of his main goal multiple times: he is making no secret about his leader ambitions and passionate desire to take post of the president. That’s just why he chose Europe instead of Middle East, for instance (where, by the way, Aliev has relatives). Europe, intent to principally give sanctuary for fugitive regime extirpators from developing countries, established on the territories of former Soviet Union, hosting “guests” from two countries, Russia and Kazakhstan, with specific pleasure.

This is easily explainable. Countries of European Union are hugely dependable from Russian energy resources, which is brightly indicated during recent years. More than a half of European power is imported from Russia. And it is completely understandable, that a young country, eating out of mature and clever partner’s hands, would be much more suitable in such energy relations. Present Russia, however, is able to dictate conditions, oppose and making no secret of its pretensions and ambitions on well-deserved place of great nation in the world, is clearly unsuitable to those who addicted to Russian energy.

And that’s the reason why Europe recently started to show keen interest in Central Asian region, and in the first place – to Kazakhstan, reach with natural resources. It is no secret that EU is looking on Kazakhstan as the potential source of energy to get rid of Russian dependency. And that’s why Rakhat Aliev, positioning himself as extirpator against authoritarian regime and protagonist of democracy was initially a very desirable guest in Austrian capital.

For fairness sake it is worth to mark that among things for which Europe was so hospitable and glad to give harbor for Aliev, was his continuous tales about a case full of dirt against all elite of Kazakhstan, including first persons. Taking in account that he had access to all secrets of Kazakhstan (in time of working in national security) during a few years, nobody had doubts about presence of this sacred case.

In truth, Europe has some doubts now. Both in “opposition” of Aliev (too much dirt about him has been uncovered yet on Austrian ground) and in presence of classified documents. In fact, Aliev is only promising to uncover these documents; however, his promises never given practice yet. Nevertheless, it can be supposed that sacred case would emerge again, and not only once; in truth, now on Aliev’s negotiations with European countries, which could guarantee safeness and non-extradition in hands of Kazakhstani justice in exchange of effective levers to press on Kazakhstan. He could easily start dealing for the freedom on European territory to ask them to simply delete the list of his dirty deeds there.

But seem that the main goal, on which Aliev is ready to bet everything is, oddly enough on the first look, is return to the homeland. Not so simple, but under safe cover of European protection, dressed in white and wearing laureate wreath. Recalling velvet revolutions happened in neighbor countries in recent years (Georgia, Ukraine, Kyrgyz Republic), in which an external trail is well traced, Aliev can hope that Europe, desiring the resources, can help to make such scenario in Kazakhstan. And he himself could kindly agree to head this velvet revolution movement and then, given the rights, let it be so, the chieftain of the revolution, will take the throne in a golden palace – presidential chair in Ak-Orda.

But hardly Europe, even suffering from the lack of energy, would agree to support the criminal (now even in international scale), who changing his political mind with the quickness of chameleon. Yesterday he was loyal adherent of the president of Kazakhstan, and today blaming his former patron in all deadly sins, starting very near to the Great Flood. Europe, in its turn, needs guarantees, which it will never receive from unmanageable person. Even more so, Aliev, as well as the true Kazakhstani opposition, can’t propose alternative way of country’s development, concentrating its oppositionism on a meaningless barking on acting power. Whereas Kazakhstan in its present condition, politically and economically stabile, dominating in the region and influencing its uneasy neighbors and actively keeping safe situation in Central Asia, is much more suitable and profitable for Europe.

“To act without rules is the most difficult and tiresome work in the world”.

Mandzoni

When USSR lost the Cold War and collapsed an opportunity appeared to look what are its former components made being split. Initially a depression is seized by looking at new independent states of Central Asia region. Can it really be so empty in comparison with Eastern Europe and South-East Asia? However there is a creative efficiency, though not like German or Malaysian forms.

Kazakhstan and Central Asia region have constantly gave Soviet Union with warriors (Panfilov division, for instance), scientists (Kuanysh Satpaev), artists and singers (Yalla pop group). Mass creative and bright personalities become far less after sending into independent sailing. People like Timur Bekmambetov are rather exception out of rules. However it cannot be thought that region fate is in corruption, drug traffic and natural resources trade. There is something to put into global competitiveness pool.

Among five Central Asia post soviet republics Tajikistan is standing alone from others. The population of the republic has entered stormy into new century, producing passionarity discharge into a civil war riverbed. Taking all its horrors and blood, civil war gives the effective examination on survival. Tajiks showed – they can both: to kill and to come to an agreement, as well as keeping the conditions of an agreement. Those who didn’t come through the selection in the species struggle process (according to Charles Darwin) freed their life space for more adapted to new conditions.

Tajikistan sends millions of guest-workers to Russia today. Country receives money at the expense of such resource; “Belaz” cars work actively at the construction of new hydropower plants cascade. If everything will go the way it was designed then Tajikistan will have the perspective to export cheap electricity in nearest future to provide water for 1.5 million hectares of irrigated lands concerning Afghanistan (if their political situation will calm down till acceptable level). So, Northern Afghanistan could cultivate not only opium poppy this case.

Turkmenistan somehow fell down fast in the rating of potentials in connection with Saparmurat Niyazov regime. On the other hand, people showed their outrageous flexibility and survivability. It is really hard to survive when power authority transports drugs across the country by trucks and the price on heroin is lower than on vodka. Then if you’ll try to say something about Turkmenbashi – will get into prison. It’s very difficult not to protest against him, because crazy governor didn’t give up implementing different idiotic innovations.

Turkmen have already got the defense reaction at surrounding absurd – they don’t even notice it. They learned that Turkmenbashi has not grey-haired already but dark-haired from satellite broadcasting when saw exchanged portraits of Niyazov in news about themselves. People go outside and only after that they see national leader with new hair color at the three-floored house like billboards.

Uzbekistani people were bleeding at the period of Andizhan incidents in 2005 year; but this country has not demonstrated all its potential might yet. Islam Karimov impedes to Islamization of the country and builds the economy at the self-sufficiency principles (autarchy). It’s looking pretty wild in the conditions of globalization and world labour division. However, people notice that you can buy artworks (such as embossing, wood engraving, handmade embroidery at the silk or carpets) at Uzbekistani markets while in Kazakhstan you’d rather find glass bead at the exchange of petrodollars.

Uzbekistani population diligence is clearing the way to Russian labour market. Local authorities in agricultural non-black soil Russian regions acknowledge that inflow of Uzbekistani labour migrants improved agricultural indicators in many times, and even let to revive agricultural production in some places. Let’s repeat: world will see the real possibilities of Uzbekistan and its population after Islam Karimov epoch.

Kyrgyzstan. This country cannot develop normally by itself at the opinion of geographers and economists. It has small territory and population indicators, dead end and borderland in the sphere of transport corridors. However, country uses the possibilities in all its might, whether Issyk-Kul Lake or gold-bearing deposit Kumtor. Actually Bishkek become the center of gambling industry and sex industry in Central Asia scale.

Let’s return to guest-workers again. Kyrgyz people effectively develop Russian cities from Moscow to Irkutsk. Meanwhile, they differ by good structurization quality. Group is the system. System is the gathering of elements having more difficult structure, higher level of energetic and new qualities owing to the structurization, while individual components and their simple sum haven’t.

Whose group is the strongest, the group where do persistently defend any member, where do care a lot of common good — will survive more probably. In this point of view Kyrgyz people are looking pretty well at Russian space. Even when criminal leaders divide resources inside the association then definite part of revenue comes to any member without an exception. The other words, Kazakhstani budget divides by state officials less honestly and has less benefit for the population than in Kyrgyz Diasporas’ structures.

Kazakhstan became corrupted by plenty of natural resources. Lion’s share steals by state officials and sucks out by transnational companies but some remains come to the lowest parts of society also. It happens not because they don’t pretend on it but they objectively cannot steal and consume everything, common resource base has huge capacity.

When Nursultan Nazarbaev epoch will end the immigration flow to Russia would increase. We won’t explain the reasons; moreover it’s clear for intelligent people. It could be seen at Kyrgyzstan example. In 1999 year everybody thought that anyone who could has left the country already. When Batken incidents happened, the immigration flow increased in ten thousands of people. After the Tulip revolution in 2005 year and exchanging of Askar Akaev regime there were thousands of immigrants again, let alone the guest-workers wave.

So, the main direction of Central Asia creative “efficiency” is emigration and ability to adapt well at a new place. Local Russian population treats more friendly to immigrants from Central Asia than to expatriates from Caucasus. Though the basis conditions are seemingly equal, both are from former USSR. Russian population accounts women in 10 million more people than men, it’s making easier incorporation of guest-workers and migrants because men always go first.

When Kazakhs will migrate to Russia (it’s obviously, only few have money for London or Canada migration) it would be quite wealthy people in general. So, most of them will have enough means to buy minimum a presentable flat. However, Kazakh and Kyrgyz people positions can be diametrically exchanged at Russian in comparison of order of things at Central Asia. In Central Asia region Kazakhs are rich and Kyrgyz people are poor with all running out consequences. Kazakhs will come to Russia separated while Kyrgyz people along with Uzbeks and Tajiks gathered into expatriates' communities having its own infrastructures for a long period of time.

Emigration shows new possibilities, not only for Central Asia expatriates but for Russia itself, in a view of human recourses deficit. Taking into account such habitudes like Chinese ones, Moscow needs those who rather easy will adapt in Russian state format. So, it’s not just an occasion that migration corridor opened for all who was born in USSR and their descendants. These people in other equal conditions will adapt easier in Russia, by having common historical, cultural and mental issues. Moreover, Central Asia expatriates continuously demonstrate on practice their adaptability at new places.